AHSEC| CLASS 12| POLITICAL SCIENCE| SOLVED PAPER - 2015| H.S. 2ND YEAR
2015
POLITICAL
SCIENCE
Full Marks – 100
Pass
Marks - 30
Time:
3 hours
The
figures in the margin indicate full marks for the questions
PART – A (Contemporary World Politics)
1. Answer the following: 1x6=6
a) How many member States signed the UN
Charter, when it was adopted?
Ans: - 51 members signed the United Nations
Charter when it was established.
b) When was the Nuclear Non-proliferation
Treaty signed?
Ans: - The Nuclear-Non-Proliferation Treaty
was signed in 1968.
c) What was the third bloc that emerged
besides the two super power blocs during the Cold War era?
Ans:- In the Cold War era, the third block was
a non-alignment movement, in addition to two super power blockers.
d)
India
is a member State of ASEAN. (Write Yes or No)
e)
Where
was the First SAARC Summit held?
Ans:- Dhaka in 1985.
f) Berlin Wall was demolished in the year
1990. (Fill in the blank)
2. Write the name of two NGOs which are
concerned with protection of Human Rights all over the world. 2
Ans:-
Human Rights watch and Amnesty International NGO’s.
3. What do you mean by greenhouse gas? 2
Ans:
- Greenhouse gas emissions refer to the emission of a harmful gas during the
period of industrialization which is believed to be causing today's global
warming and climate change.
4. Mention two reforms which Mikhail Gorbachev
initiated in the USSR. 2
Ans:
- In the USSR, two reforms initiated by President Gorbachev are Perestroika and
Glasnost.
5. Write two differences between migrants and
refugees. 2
Ans. The differences between Migrants and
Refugees are –
1) Migrants
are those who voluntarily leave their home countries. Refugees are those who
flee for war, natural disaster or political persecution.
2) Migrants
are not accepted by the state. But states are supposed to accept refugees.
6. Mention the name of two organizations
related to the process of globalization. 2
Ans:
There are two organizations associated with economic globalization - the World
Trade Organization and the International Monetary Fund.
7. Write the name of the two conflicting
communities in Sri Lanka. 2
Ans:
Sinhalese and Tamil people are two conflicting communities in Sri Lanka.
8. Discuss briefly about ‘Hegemony as Hard
Power’. 4
Ans:
US military dominance is both absolute and relative. In absolute terms, there
is US military capability that can reach any point on the planet in precise,
lethal and real time. The military dominance of the US military is not only
based on high military spending, but at a qualitative endpoint, a technical
trench that currently holds no other power.
9. Write briefly about global poverty. 4
Ans:
Global poverty is a traditional threat to security. Inequality between rich and
poor countries is increasing. Poverty is the main factor of increasing
population growth in third world countries. Global poverty has created some
complex problems, such as illiteracy, development under the nutritional gap
between rich and poor, etc.
10. Point out the reasons which led the people
of East Pakistan for a liberation movement. 4
Ans:
- After Pakistan formulated its first constitution, General Ayub Khan took over
the administration of the country. He had to leave his post where there was
popular discontent against his rule. It again made a military takeover under
General Yahya Khan. During Yahya's military rule, Pakistan faced the Bangladesh
crisis and after the war with India in 1971, East Pakistan broke away to emerge
as an independent country called Bangladesh. Subsequently, an elected
government under Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto remained in power in Pakistan from 1971 to
1977.
11. Name four architects of Non-Aligned
Movement. 4
Ans:
- The architects of the Non-Aligned Movement were Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru,
Ahmed Sukarno, Gamal Abdel Nasser, Kwame Nakuma.
12. Write two arguments in favour of and two
arguments against globalization. 2+2=4
Ans:
- Against globalization and in favour of the argument:
(a) International trade keeps prices low and
high quality. In the past, no country has ever tried to be self-sufficient and
has no stake in global markets, they find that their businesses become
inefficient due to lack of competition, price increases, lack of innovation in
their products, and They end with hyper calcification.
(b) Globalization can bring wealth to some of
the world's poor. For example, a few decades ago most of Southeast Asia was
very poor; Many of these countries have experienced double-digit annual growth
due to globalization and international trade and many of those people were now
better than their parents' generation.
(a) Globalization has led to greater inequality
in wealth within many countries. In South-East Asia, people in those countries
had experienced a lot of growth over the past few decades, but were not
experienced equally by all of their people.
(a) The thing that essentially creates a large
global market poses some danger. Previously, if a nation made financial
mistakes and their markets collapsed, it would have little impact on the rest
of the world.
***
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