AHSEC| CLASS 12| LOGIC & PHILOSOPHY| QUESTION PAPER - 2023| H.S. 2ND YEAR
2023
LOGIC AND PHILOSOPHY
Full Marks: 100
Pass Marks: 30
Time: Three hours
The figures in the margin indicate full marks for the questions.
1. Give very short answers: 1x12=12
(a) What is the
subject matter of Logic?
(b) Is Deductive
Inference concerned with Material Truth?
(c) Are the
events fully under the control of the observer in Observation?
(d) Does Unscientific
Induction depend on the Law of Causation?
(e) What is the
third state of Hypothesis?
(f) Name the
Philosopher who used the term ‘Naïve Realism’ for the first time.
(g) What is the
ideal of Ethics?
(h) Give an
example of Primary quality.
(i) Which
principle of elimination forms the basis of Method of Agreement?
2. What do you mean by ‘Induction improperly so called’? 2
Or
Why is the
conclusion of Unscientific Induction not certain? 2
3. What are the two forms of ‘Law of Uniformity of Nature’? 2
Or
What is material
cause? Give an example. 2
4. Mention any two conditions of a valid hypothesis. 2
5. Why is Loke’s Realism known as ‘Scientific Realism’? 2
6. Give an example of ‘hypothesis concerning agent’. 2
7. Mention two characteristics of ‘Naive Realism.’ 2
8. Why is Ethics called a normative science? 2
9. Define Idealism.
2
Or
Name two
idealistic philosophers. 2
10. Give an example of Fallacy of Mal observation. 2
11. Define Moral Action.
2
Or
What do you mean
by ‘conflict of desires’? 2
12. Give a concrete example of the Method of Residues. 2
13. When is the Method of Difference vitiated by the fallacy
of ‘post hoc ergo propter hoc’? 2
14. Write any four characteristics of Scientific
Induction. 4
Or
State four points
of difference between Induction and Deduction. 4
15. ‘Positive and negative conditions both taken together
produce the effect.’ Explain the statement. 4
Or
Explain the
general conditions of Observation.
4
16. Is Ethics a practical science? Briefly explain. 4
Or
Briefly explain ‘Dharma’
and ‘Artha’ as Purusarthas. 2+2=4
17. Who said that “Esse est percipi”? Explain its
meaning. 4
18. State four points of difference between Religion and
Morality. 4
19. Write four characteristics of Scientific Realism. 4
20. Define ‘Hypothesis concerning Law’ and ‘Hypothesis
concerning Collocation’. 2+2=4
21. Mention two advantages and two disadvantages of the
Method of Agreement. 2+2=4
22. Write briefly the nature of religion. 4
23. Give four characteristics of Hegel’s Objective
Idealism. 4
Or
Explain in brief
four main points of Berkeley’s Subjective Idealism. 4
24. Define Scientific Induction and state its
characteristics. 1+5=6
Or
What is Analogy?
Explain the two different kinds of Analogy.
2+2+2=6
25. What are the qualitative marks of a cause? Explain
briefly any two of them. 2+2+2=6
Or
What do you mean
by Observation? Describe its characteristics.
1+5=6
26. What is Hypothesis? Explain the nature of Hypothesis
with suitable examples. 2+4=6
Or
What, according
to Stabbing are the different kinds of Hypothesis? 6
27. Explain the Method of Difference with examples. 6
Or
Define the Method
of Concomitant variation with examples. State two advantages of this Method.
2+2+2=6
***
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