AHSEC| CLASS 11| LOGIC AND PHILOSOPHY| SOLVED PAPER - 2021| H.S.1ST YEAR
2021
LOGIC AND PHILOSOPHY
Full Marks: 100
Pass Marks: 30
Time: 3 hours
The figures in the margin indicate full marks for the questions
1. Answer the following as directed: 1x12=12
(a) Logic is a science/ an art/ both. (Choose the correct answer)
(b) A proposition has three terms / two terms/ only one term. (Choose the correct answer)
(c) Proposition can be divided into four types according to the mixed rule of quality and quantity. (Fill in the blank)
(d) The predicate of the proposition is a proposition that includes at least one variable. (Fill in the blank)
(e) There are five major non-Vedic systems in Indian Philosophy. (Fill in the blank)
(f) How many propositions are there in a syllogism?
Ans:- Three proposition.
(g) ‘BARBARA’ is a valid mood of first/ third/ fourth figure. (Choose the correct answer)
(h) Give an example of singular proposition.
Ans:- "Socrates was wise".
(i) “The nature of modern symbolic logic is totally deductive.” Is this argument true?
Ans:- Yes, modern symbolic logic is deductive.
(j) How many systems are there in Indian Philosophy?
Ans:- Six major systems.
(k) “According to Buddhism, the root cause of suffering is ignorance.” Is this statement true?
Ans:- Yes, Buddhism teaches that ignorance is a root cause of suffering.
(l) Is Vedanta Philosophy a Vedic Indian Philosophy?
Ans:- Yes, Vedanta is a Vedic Indian philosophy.
2. What do you mean by copula? 2
Ans:- The sign of relationship between the subject and the predicate is called copula. The copula indicates affirmation or denial.
3. Classify proposition according to quality. 2
Ans:- There are two types of proposals according to quality:- positive and negative. Affirmative propositions affirm that the subject and predicate are related, while negative propositions deny that they are related.
For example, the proposition "All men are mortal" is positive, because it affirms that the subject (men) and predicate (mortals) are related. The proposition "No man is immortal" is negative, because it denies that the subject and predicate are related.
4. Write down two general rules of pure categorical syllogism. 2
Ans:- Here are two general rules of pure categorical syllogism:-
(i) The middle post should be distributed at least once in the premises. A term is distributed when it refers to all members of its class. For example, in the syllogism "All men are mortal. Socrates is a man. Therefore, Socrates is mortal," the middle word "man" is distributed in the first premise because it refers to all humans.
(ii) Any term distributed in the conclusion must be distributed in the premises. For example, in the syllogism "All men are mortal. Socrates is a man. Therefore, Socrates is mortal," the word "mortal" is distributed in the conclusion because it refers to all mortal beings. It is also distributed in the first base as it refers to all men.
5. What is symbolic logic? 2
Ans:- Symbolic logic is a formal approach to studying logic. It uses symbols and variables to represent logical expressions instead of natural language. This removes ambiguity and makes operations easier.
6. Name two valid moods of second figure. 2
Ans:- Here are two valid moods of the second figure:-
(i) Cesare (Ce):-
(a) Major premise: a universal positive statement
(b) Short premise: a universal negative statement
(c) Conclusion: A particular negative statement
(ii) Chemestre (Ca):-
(a) Major premise: a universal positive statement
(b) Short premise: A particular negative statement
(c) Conclusion: A particular negative statement
7. Name the non-Vedic systems of Indian Philosophy. 2
Ans:- Non-Vedic systems of Indian philosophy are Buddhism, Jainism, Ajivaka and Charvaka.
8. What is inference? 2
Ans:- Inferences allow people to reach logical conclusions based on evidence. In literature, an inference definition includes something learned through a combination of the reader's knowledge, historical context, and what is known about the author.
9. What is the Third Noble Truth of Buddhism? 2
Ans:- The third noble truth in Buddhism is the cessation of suffering, or cessation in Pali and Sanskrit. It can also be called Nirvana in Sanskrit.
10. What is epistemology? 2
Ans:- Epistemology is the study of knowledge and the relationship between the mind and reality. It is also known as the theory of knowledge.
11. What is idealism? 2
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