AHSEC| CLASS 12| PSYCHOLOGY| SOLVED PAPER - 2022| H.S. 2ND YEAR
2022
PSYCHOLOGY
(Theory)
Full Marks: 70
Pass Marks: 21
Time: Three hours
The figures in the margin indicate full marks for the questions
1. Answer the following questions:
(a) Write very short answers to the following questions: 1x4=4
(i) What is interest?
Ans:- Interest is a psychological state of engagement and the tendency to re-engage with a particular content over time. It can also be defined as the emotion that motivates spontaneous activity.
(ii) What do you mean by assertiveness?
Ans:- Assertiveness is a communication skill and the quality of being confident and self-confident. It is a healthy behavior that allows people to communicate in a social manner.
(iii) Write the meaning of the German word “Gestalt”.
Ans:- The German word "Gestalt" has no exact equivalent in English, but it is often translated as "form," "shape," or "configuration." In psychology, the term is used to refer to the way in which people see objects, shapes, and forms as whole entities rather than as separate parts. This is often called the "Gestalt theory of perception".
(iv) Define intelligence.
Ans:- Intelligence is a person's ability to solve problems, make decisions, learn, understand data, and retain knowledge. It can also be defined as the ability to think rationally, act purposefully, and deal with one's environment.
(b) Fill in the blanks with appropriate words: 1x4=4
(i) German Psychologist William Stern devised the concept of Intelligence Quotient.
(ii) Self-esteem and self-efficacy are two very important aspects of behaviour.
(iii) Pollution adversely affects our mental and physical health and aging process.
(iv) According to Freud, the three levels of human mind are conscious, preconscious and unconscious mind.
2. Write short answers to the following questions: 2x10=20
(a) Find out the 1.Q of a 12 years old child a mental age of 90. 2
Ans:-
(b) What do you mean by self-esteem? 2
Ans:- Self-esteem is a person's assessment of his or her own worth. It is based on a person's opinions and beliefs about themselves, which can be difficult to change.
Self-esteem is a positive or negative attitude toward oneself. It can affect many elements of a person's life, such as self-confidence, relationships, motivation, and emotional or mental well-being.
(c) What is a social stress? 2
Ans:- Social stress is a condition that threatens a person's relationships, esteem, or sense of belonging. This is an external stress that comes from interactions with other people.
Some examples of social stress include:-
(i) Death or illness in the family
(ii) strained relationships
(d) What is a group thinking? 2
Ans:- Groupthinking is a psychological and sociological phenomenon that occurs when group members conform to majority opinion in order to maintain harmony. This is a cognitive bias that can lead to irrational or dysfunctional decision making.
According to psychologist Irving Janis, groupthink is "a decline in mental efficiency, reality testing, and moral judgment that results from in-group pressure". Group members may suffer from overconfidence and have an unquestioning belief in the competence and morality of the group.
(e) What is anxiety disorders? 2
Ans:- Anxiety disorder is a type of mental health condition that can cause fear, worry, and nervousness. They can also affect a person's behavior, leading to panic attacks and phobias.
Generalized anxiety disorder is a type of anxiety disorder that involves persistent and excessive worrying that interferes with daily activities. This anxiety and stress may be accompanied by physical symptoms, such as:
(i) Restlessness
(ii) Feeling nervous or getting tired easily
(f) Write the meaning of Cognitive Consistency. 2
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