AHSEC| CLASS 11| SOCIOLOGY| SOLVED PAPER - 2023| H.S.1ST YEAR
2023
SOCIOLOGY
Full Marks: 100
Pass Marks: 30
Time: Three hours
The figures in the margin indicate full marks for the questions.
1. (a) Who wrote the book, The sociological Imagination? 1
Ans:- The book “The Sociological
Imagination” was written by C. Wright Mills.
(b) Where did the Industrial Revolution take place? 1
Ans:- Industrial Revolution took place
in England.
(c) Who forwarded the concept 'social solidarity'? 1
Ans:- The concept of 'social solidarity'
was put forward by Émile Durkheim.
(d) Write the name of an agency of formal social control. 1
Ans:- One agency of formal social
control is the police.
(e) Given an example of primary group. 1
Ans:- An example of a primary group is
family.
(f) When did Bhopal Industrial Disaster take place? 1
Ans:- Bhopal industrial disaster
occurred on December 3, 1984.
(g) Choose the correct answer: 1
Caste is an endogamous/
exogamous group.
(h) Who is the author of the book, The Protestant Ethic and the
Spirit of Capitalism? 1
Ans:- The author of the book “The
Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism” is Max Weber.
(i) Give an example of close social stratification. 1
Ans:- The caste system is an example of
close social stratification in India.
(j) Who discussed the word 'anomic' in Sociology? 1
Ans:- Emile Durkheim discussed the term
'anomic' in sociology.
(k) What is the main occupation of rural people? 1
Ans:- The main occupation of rural
people is agriculture.
(l) In which University in India was the subject Sociology? 1
Ans:- Sociology subject is studied in
Delhi University in India.
2. What are the major two fields of
study of Sociology? 2
Ans:- Major areas of study in
sociology:-
Sociology covers
various focus areas that help in understanding human society.
Sociology includes two major fields of study:-
(i) Culture and Diversity: Examines the
origin, development of cultures and their impact on human behaviour, power
dynamics and social status.
(ii) Family, Gender and Society:
Explores the interrelationship of family and gender, studying aspects such as
marriage, migration, fertility and family dynamics.
3. Write two differences between
Sociology and Anthropology. 2
Ans:- Difference between sociology and
anthropology:-
(i) Focus of study: Sociology mainly
examines social problems and institutions within the society, whereas
anthropology focuses on understanding different cultures and communities.
(ii) Methods: Anthropology often relies
on qualitative data and ethnographic research, emphasizing descriptive and
individualistic approaches, while sociology incorporates quantitative data,
statistics, and experiments to analyze social groups.
4. What is positivism? 2
Ans:-
Positivism refers to an approach in sociology that emphasizes empirical
observation, scientific methods, and the belief that social phenomena can be
studied objectively and quantitatively.
5. What is social structure? 2
Ans:- Social
structure in sociology refers to the patterned social arrangements that make up
society, including the institutions, organizations, relationships, and
hierarchies that shape human interactions.
6. What are the two types of social
class as mentioned by Karl Marx? 2
Ans:- Types of social classes by Karl
Marx:-
Karl Marx identified two main types of social classes:-
(i) Capitalist Class: The capitalist
class which owns the means of production.
(ii) Proletariat: The working class
which sells its labor to the capitalist class for wages.
7. Write with example the difference
between endogamy and exogamy. 2
Ans:-
Endogamy and exogamy are two opposite marriage practices. Endogamy involves
marrying within a specific social group such as a caste, ethnicity or religion,
while exogamy involves marrying outside one's social group. An example of
endogamy occurs when individuals from the same caste or religious group marry
each other while preserving cultural practices and kinship ties. On the other
hand, exogamy occurs when individuals from different social groups marry,
thereby promoting diversity and expanding social networks.
8. Write the types of kinship system. 2
Ans:- The
types of kinship systems in India are influenced by factors such as caste and
language. In the northern region, kinship is characterized by caste endogamy,
gotra exogamy, and incest taboos. In the southern region, there is a system of
caste endogamy and gotra exogamy similar to the northern system, where a caste is
divided into five exogamous clans.
9. Write the two types of culture. 2
Ans:- Two
types of culture can be identified: collectivist and individualistic cultures.
Collectivist cultures emphasize group harmony, interdependence, and loyalty to
the group, while individualistic cultures prioritize individual goals, freedom,
and self-expression.
10. According to Durkheim, what are the
two types of society? 2
Ans:-
According to Durkheim, there are two types of societies – mechanical and
organic solidarity. Mechanical solidarity is characteristic of traditional
societies where individuals are bound together by shared beliefs and values,
while organic solidarity is found in modern societies where interdependence and
specialization create social cohesion.
11. Write the name of two Indian
sociologists. 2
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