Ahsec Class 11 Biology Solved Question Paper - 2024| ASSEB BOARD
2024
BIOLOGY
Full
Marks: 70
Pass
Marks: 21
Time: 3
hours
The
figures in the margin indicate full marks for the questions
Use
separate Answer-scripts for Part-I (Botany) and Part-II (Zoology)
PART-I
(Botany)
(Marks: 35)
1. Write the answers of the following briefly: 1x5=5
(a) Define species.
Ans:- A species is a group of living
organisms that are able to interbreed and produce fertile offspring, and forms
the basic unit of biological classification.
(b) Name one famous botanical
garden of India.
Ans:- The Indian Botanic Garden in
Howrah, West Bengal, is one of the famous botanical gardens of India.
(c) What are lichens?
Ans:- Lichens are symbiotic
relationships between algae (or cyanobacteria) and fungi, where the fungus
provides protection and the algae provides food through photosynthesis.
(d) What is cell theory?
Ans:- The cell theory states that
all living organisms are composed of cells, the cell is the basic unit of life,
and all cells arise from pre-existing cells.
(e) What is plasmolysis?
Ans:- Plasmolysis is the shrinking
of the protoplasm away from the cell wall when a plant cell is placed in a
hypertonic solution, caused by the loss of water through osmosis.
2.
Write short answers of the following: 2x5=10
(a) Write the four
characteristics of fungi.
Ans:-Four characteristics of
fungi are:-
Fungi are eukaryotic organisms
whose cell walls are made of chitin. They are heterotrophic, mainly saprophytic
or parasitic, and reproduce by spores. Their body is composed of hyphae which
form a mycelium, which may be septate or aseptate.
(b) Write the characteristics
of bacterial cell.
Ans:- Characteristics of a
bacterial cell are:-
Bacterial cells are
prokaryotic, lacking a true nucleus, and the genetic material is in the form of
naked DNA. They have a rigid cell wall (peptidoglycan in eubacteria) and may
possess flagella for motility. The cells vary in shape: cocci (spherical),
bacilli (rod-shaped), vibrio (comma-shaped), or spirilla (spiral).
(c) Mention the two functions
of calyx.
Ans:- Two functions of the
calyx are:-
The calyx protects the flower
bud from mechanical injury and desiccation in the bud stage. It also helps
protect the flower from insects and retains moisture.
(d) Name the various parts of a
flower.
Ans:- Different parts of a
flower:-
The parts of a typical flower
are the calyx (sepals), corolla (petals), androecium (stamens), and gynoecium
(carpels).
(e) What are micronutrients?
Ans:- Micronutrients are essential
mineral elements that plants require in very small quantities (less than 0.1
mg/g dry matter), also called trace elements. Examples include iron, manganese,
zinc, copper, boron, molybdenum, chlorine, and nickel.
3.
Write about the various modification of leaf. 3
Ans:- In plants, leaves are modified
in various ways to perform functions other than photosynthesis, such as
support, food storage, protection, or absorption. These modifications occur in
different parts of the leaf, such as the lamina, petiole, or stipules.
Leaf Modifications:
(i) Tendrils: Leaves or leaflets are
modified into thin, coiled structures for climbing, as in peas (Pisum sativum)
where the upper leaflets form tendrils, or in Gloriosa where the leaf tip
becomes a tendril.
(ii) Spines: Leaves harden into sharp
structures for protection against herbivores, as in Opuntia (cactus) where the
leaves are modified into spines, or in date palms where the leaf tip becomes
pointed.
(iii) Storage Leaves: Succulent leaves store water
or food during drought conditions, as in Aloe vera or plants of the
Crassulaceae family, which have thick leaves.
(iv) Phyllodes: When the true leaves are
reduced, the petiole becomes flattened and green, and performs photosynthesis,
as in Australian acacia.
(v) Leaf Roots: At each node, a leaf is
modified into a root-like structure for buoyancy, as in Salvinia.
4.
Describe the structure and function of Golgi body. 3
Ans:-
Structure and Function of Golgi Body are:-
The Golgi body, or Golgi
apparatus, is composed of flattened membrane-bound sacs arranged in stacks
called cisternae, with a cis (forming) face near the ER and a trans (maturing)
face towards the plasma membrane. It modifies proteins/lipids from the ER
through glycosylation/phosphorylation, sorts them, and packages them into
vesicles for secretion, lysosomes, or cell wall formation. The functions
include protein packaging, lipid transport, and the synthesis of glycoproteins
essential for cellular processes.
5.
Draw and describe the structure of monocotyledon seed. 4
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