AHSEC CLASS 12 POLITICAL SCIENCE SOLVED PAPER - 2026| ASSEB BOARD
2026
POLITICAL SCIENCE
Full Marks: 80
(Part-A = 40 + Part-B = 40)
Pass Marks: 24
Time: Three hours
The figures in the margin indicate full marks for the questions.
PART-A
(Contemporary World Politics)
1. Answer any six from the following questions: 1x6=6
(a) In which year was the Berlin Wall
constructed?
Ans:- August
13, 1961.
(b) Who declared the Open Door Policy
in China in the year 1978?
Ans:- Deng
Xiaoping.
(c) Is India a signatory to SAFTA?
Ans:- Yes.
(d) Write the full form of SEATO.
Ans:- South
East Asia Treaty Organization.
(e) Fill in the blank:
The United Nations Organization was
born as a successor of the League of Nations.
(f) Write Yes or No:
The Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty was
signed in 1972 between the United States of America and Soviet Union.
Ans:- Yes.
(g) In which year was the World
Council of Indigenous Peoples constituted?
Ans:- 1975.
(h) Write one objective of the World
Social Forum (WSF).
Ans:- Bringing together human rights
activists, environmentalists, and social movements to oppose neoliberal
globalization.
(i) What is the Kyoto protocol?
Ans:- The United Nations Framework
Convention on Climate Change, an international treaty under which countries
commit to reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
(j) Who became the General Secretary
of the Communist Party of the USSR in 1985?
Ans:- Mikhail
Gorbachev.
2. Answer
any five from the following questions: 2x5=10
(a) What is Amnesty International?
Ans:- It is a global non-governmental
organization (NGO) that campaigns to protect human rights worldwide. It
prepares and publishes independent reports on human rights violations by
governments around the world.
(b) What do you mean by the term ‘globalization’?
Ans:- It refers to the integration and
interdependence of the economies, cultures, policies, and people of different
countries. It is driven by the rapid exchange of goods, services, technology,
ideas, and capital around the world.
(c) Fill in the blanks:
The UN Security Council has 5 permanent and 10
non-permanent members.
(d) Mention two areas of cooperation
between India and Bangladesh.
Ans:- India and Bangladesh
Cooperation:
(i) Water Sharing: Managing shared rivers like the
Ganges and Teesta.
(ii) Trade and Economy: Promoting business, transit, and
energy links.
(e) Write two new sources of threat
to human security.
Ans:- Threats to Human Security:
(i) Terrorism: Violence and attacks that harm
innocent people worldwide.
(ii) Pandemic: Dangerous diseases that spread
rapidly and threaten lives worldwide.
(f) What is cooperative security?
Ans:- It is a hybrid approach that relies
on teamwork rather than military conflict. In this approach, countries,
international groups, and local communities work together to address threats
like poverty, disease, and crime.
Or
Write a note on the Brundtland Report.
Ans:- In 1987, the Brundtland Report,
officially published by the World Commission on Environment and Development as
[Our Common Future], presented the now-recognized definition of sustainable
development.
Significant Features:-
(i) Definition: Sustainable development was described
as development that "meets the needs of today without compromising the
ability of future generations to meet their own needs."
(ii) Core Focus: The connection between economic
growth, social equity, and environmental protection was emphasized, paving the
way for the 1992 Rio Earth Summit.
3. Answer any three from the following
questions: 4x3=12
(a) Should India be given permanent
membership in the UN Security Council? Give the arguments supporting your
answer.
Ans:- Arguments in support of India's
permanent membership in the UN Security Council:-
(i) World's Largest Democracy: India represents a large and vibrant
democratic polity with over 1.4 billion people, ensuring fair democratic
representation for nearly one-fifth of humanity.
(ii) Global Economic and Military
Position: India is
one of the fastest-growing major economies and possesses a strong military and
proven nuclear capability.
(iii) Contribution to Peacekeeping: India has a long and consistent
history of active participation and troop contributions to numerous UN
peacekeeping missions around the world.
(iv) Financial Commitment: India has consistently met its
financial obligations and made regular budget contributions to the United
Nations.
(b) What is Soviet System? Were the
people of the USSR satisfied with the Soviet System? Give three arguments in
favour of your answer.
Ans:- Soviet System and People's
Satisfaction:-
The Soviet system was established in
Russia after the Socialist Revolution of 1917. It was characterized by a
state-planned economy, state ownership of land and productive assets, and
strict, exclusive control by a single political party—the Communist Party of
the Soviet Union (CPSU)—leaving no room for political opposition.
Were people happy? (Arguments
expressing dissatisfaction):-
No, the people of the USSR were
ultimately unhappy with the Soviet system, due to the following reasons:-
(i) Authoritarian control and lack of
freedom: The system
was highly bureaucratized and authoritarian, denying people freedom of speech,
dissent, and basic political democracy.
(ii) Economic stagnation and
shortages: The
centralized economy lagged behind the West, leading to severe shortages of
consumer goods, long lines for basic necessities, and economic stagnation.
(iii) Nomenklatura: Ordinary citizens became distressed
because corrupt, irresponsible party officials were given special powers, while
public life and living standards deteriorated.
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