AHSEC| CLASS 12| POLITICAL SCIENCE| SOLVED PAPER - 2017| H.S. 2ND YEAR
2017
POLITICAL
SCIENCE
Full Marks – 100
Pass
Marks - 30
Time:
3 hours
The
figures in the margin indicate full marks for the questions
PART – A: (Contemporary World Politics)
1. Answer the following as directed: 1x6=6
a) Write the full form of NIEO.
Ans:-
Full form of (NIEO) New International Economic Order.
b) What do you mean by Unipolar World?
Ans: - There is a heterogeneous (dominant)
state in the unipolar world which holds significant amount of power
economically, militarily and politically.
c)
Rio
summit approved a developmental programme name an ‘Agenda – 21’. (Write ‘yes’ or ‘no’)
d)
In
which year did India start its economic reform?
Ans:- 1999.
e)
There
are 5 numbers of permanent members in
the Security Council of UNO. (Fill in the blank)
f)
Which
among the following is NOT an outcome of the disintegration of Soviet Union?
i.
End of the ideological war between USA
and Soviet Union.
ii.
Birth of CIS.
iii.
Change in the balance of power in the
world order.
iv.
Crisis in the Middle East.
Ans:-
(iv) Crisis in the Middle East.
2. Write two differences between migrants and
refugees. 2
Ans: The differences between Migrants and
Refugees are –
1) Migrants
are those who voluntarily leave their home countries. Refugees are those who
flee for war, natural disaster or political persecution.
2) Migrants
are not accepted by the state. But states are supposed to accept refugees.
3. In which year the World Bank was created?
Mention any one activity of World Bank. 1+1=2
Ans. The World Bank was created in 1944.
The
following are the functions of the World Bank:
The World
Bank works for human development, agriculture and rural development,
environmental protection, infrastructure and governance.
4. When and where was the first NAM summit
held? 1+1=2
Ans: - The first
Non-Aligned summit was held in Belgrade in 1961. And this conference was
attended by African and Asian countries.
5. In which year was Kyoto Protocol signed?
The Protocol dealt with which problem of the environment? 1+1=2
Ans:- India signed and ratified the Kyoto
Protocol in August 2002. Protocol dealt with global warming. (year 1991).
6. What are the two military alliances signed
by the USA and Soviet Union with their respective friendly countries during
Cold War? 1+1=2
Ans:
- Two military alliances signed by United States and Soviet Union:
(i)
Nuclear non-proliferation.
(ii)
Limited Test Ban Treaty.
7. Mention two major areas of influence of
European Union. 2
Ans:
- Two major spheres of influence of the European Union:
(i) Economic power of the European Union.
(ii) Political power of the European Union.
8. What is common but differentiated responsibility?
Discuss briefly. 4
Ans:
(i) Given the various contributions of global environmental degradation, states
have common but differentiated responsibilities.
(ii) This argument states that the
development, application and interpretation of international environmental laws
should take into account the special needs of developing countries, this is
called the principle of 'common but differentiated responsibilities'.
(iii) The developed countries have accepted
the responsibility that they are in the international pursuit of global
development and sustainable development in place of the technical and financial
resources directed by them, given the pressure of their societies.
(iv)The 1992 UNFCCC also provides that parties
should act on the basis of "equity and their common but differentiated
responsibilities and related capabilities for the protection of the climate
system".
9. Why did big powers need to have alliance
with smaller countries? Write four reasons. 4
Ans:
The superpowers entered into military alliances with smaller countries for the
following reasons:
a)
Small states helped the superpowers in their access to important resources such
as oil and minerals.
b)
Access to the places or areas from which the superpowers could launch their
weapons and soldiers.
c)
Reached places from where they could spy on each other.
10. Discuss briefly about restructuring and
the future of the United Nations Organization. 4
Ans:-
Introductory commentary is in order. One is related to the use of the term
"United Nations system", the other to the term "reform".
Since neither term is clearly defined, some comments are needed. The United
Nations system, also known as the "United Nations System" or
"United Nations Family", is a complex and diffused structure. It is a
kind of network, a structure of very few interrelated agencies that function
autonomously, partly to real, partly to blame. This so-called system has become
more and more misleading, pointless and inefficient during its historical
development. But it did not come without government demand; It was created by
member states whose numbers have almost quadrupled since the creation of the
United Nations.
11. Discuss briefly about the recent
relationship between India and Pakistan. 4
Ans: Since the birth of Pakistan in 1947,
relations between India and Pakistan have never been cordial. Partition and
problems arising from the country affected the relationship between the two
states. Relations between India and Pakistan remained tense due to displaced
property, constitutional location of Indian states, demarcation of borders and
frequent clashes over the disputes of Junagadh, Hyderabad and Kashmir. There
were two wars between the two countries on Kashmir issue first in 1948 and then
in 1965.
In
1971, India and Pakistan fought another war on the Bangladesh issue. Also on
the use of Indus water, a canal water dispute arose between the two countries.
The long-running dispute over the sharing of river water was resolved through
mediation by the World Bank. The Indo-Pakistan Indus Water Treaty was signed by
Nehru and General Ayub Khan in 1960.
12. What is the relationship between human security
and health? Discuss. 4
Ans:-Safety
is usually defined as the state of being in or not in contact with a threat or
threat. Human security includes freedom from desire and freedom from fear. It
means the absence of hunger and disease as well as violence and war. The United
Nations Development Program (UNDP) 1994 Human Development Report is considered
a landmark publication in the field of human security, where the concept
received international acceptance.
The UNDP report states that there are two
basic pillars in human security: freedom from desire and freedom from fear.
This means that with the absence of hunger and disease, as violence and war
were further considered, potential threats to human security were classified
into seven main categories: economic, food, health environment, per sonal
community, and Political security.
Gender means national security and foreign
policy thinking for security in international relations, or the protection of
the state from military violence or intimidation used by another state. This
state-centered violence paradigm shaped how leaders and governments envisioned
national security.
Whatever falls outside the threat of military
violence from another state, by definition, was not a security issue. Thus,
public health problems, such as the communicable disease epidemic, were
traditionally outside the purview of security policy. Historically, safety and
health have never developed any kind of policy relationship.
***
POLITICAL SCIENCE SOLVED PAPERS PAGE LINK - Click here
BUY E-BOOK (PDF FILE)
[TO SEE FULL SOLUTION]
(Chapter wise Notes, Exam Question Papers solved, MCQ solved) [ARTS, COMMERCE, SCIENCE]
|
DOWNLOAD PAGE LINK:-CLICK HERE |
AHSEC PAGE LINK - CLICK HERE