AHSEC| CLASS 12| POLITICAL SCIENCE| SOLVED PAPER - 2018| H.S. 2ND YEAR
2018
POLITICAL
SCIENCE
Full
Marks: 100
Pass
Marks: 30
Time:
Three hours
The
figures in the margin indicate full marks for the questions.
PART
– A: (Contemporary World Politics)
Marks:
50
1. Answer the following as directed: 1x6=6
a) Write any one new threat to human
security.
Ans:- Global Poverty: One of the causes of
insecurity is global poverty. The disparities between the developed and
developing nations are ever-increasing.
b) Write ‘yes’ or ‘no’: China adopted an
‘open door’ policy.
Ans:-
Yes.
c) Write the full form of SAFTA.
Ans:- South Asian Free Trade Agreement
d) What do you mean by ‘Operation Desert
Storm’?
Ans:- Ans: - The liberation of Kuwait from
Iraq by the United Nations is known as "Operation Desert Storm".
e)
Which
of the following UN agency is concerned with the safety and peaceful use of
nuclear technology?
Ø The
UN Committee on Disarmament.
Ø
International Atomic Energy Agency.
Ø UN
International Safeguard Committee.
Ø None
of the above.
f)
Mikhail Gorbachev initiated the reforms in Soviet Union in 1985. (Fill in the
blank)
2.
Write two causes of Globalisation. 2
Ans. The different factors that have
facilitated the occurrence of globalization –
a) Development
in the fields of science and technology.
b) Revolution
in information technology and electronic media.
3.
Mention two areas of conflict between India and Pakistan. 2
Ans. Kashmir issue and Border issue and
problem of river water sharing have affected India-Pakistan relations.
4.
When was ASEAN established and how many members were there at the beginning? 1+1=2
Ans:- ASEAN was
established on 8 August 1967 in Bangkok by the five original member countries -
Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand.
5.
Write the name of two super powers emerged after Second World War. 2
Ans:- America and
the Soviet Union were two superpowers that emerged after World War II.
6.
Write two constraints of American hegemony. 2
Ans:- The first
obstacle is the institutional architecture of the American state. The American
system is based on the division of powers between the three organs of
government i.e. the legislature, the executive and the judiciary. These organs
imposed several restrictions on military powers, which was the second hurdle on
American society.
7.
Write two causes of disintegration of Soviet Union. 2
Ans. The following points are analyzed by
experts as the prime causes responsible for breakdown of Soviet Union.
a) Defective Leadership: The
most important cause for the disintegration of Soviet Union lies in the
defective leadership. The leader of the party was considered to be the leader
of the government and the state or country. The leaders were busy with their
luxurious lifestyle and corruption. The poor leadership and effort to improve
their rule became a cause for the disintegration of Soviet Union.
b) Reformative policies of Gorbachev: the
reformative policies of Mikhayl Gorbachev were also responsible for the
disintegration of Soviet Union. He without preparing an environment of freedom,
equality, nationality, economic self dependence and unity implemented the
policies of Glasnost (openness) and Perestroika (restructuring).
8.
Discuss briefly about the relationship between India and China. 4
Ans. India and China are both ancient
civilization, sharing a common border and having a relationship with each for
thousands of years. Buddhism spread from India and China and many Chinese
scholars visited India to learn Buddhism. National movements in the two
countries against colonial oppression led to some renewed contacts in the late
18th and 19th centuries.
Our
relations with China after independence started off very well due to a number
of friendly gestures on the part of India. India was one of the first countries
to recognize Communist China and later we advocated her membership to the
United Nations. During the Korean War of 1950, India established contacts with
China and played a positive role in the UN in defence of Chinese interests. In
1951, India voted in the UN General Assembly against a resolution branding
China as an aggressor in Korea. After independence, India renounced its
extra-territorial rights in Tibet and accepted China’s suzerainty over Tibet.
9.
Discuss briefly about the economic consequences of Globalisation. 4
Ans:- The
economic consequences of globalization are -
a) Globalization has involved more and more
trade in goods worldwide.
b) The restrictions imposed by various
countries on allowing imports from other countries have been reduced.
c) Restrictions on the movement of capital
across the country have also been reduced.
d) Globalization has also flowed ideas across
national boundaries. The proliferation of Internet and computer related
services is an example of that.
10.
Write briefly about global poverty. 4
Ans:
Global poverty is a traditional threat to security. Inequality between rich and
poor countries is increasing. Poverty is the main factor of increasing
population growth in third world countries. Global poverty has created some
complex problems, such as illiteracy, development under the nutritional gap
between rich and poor, etc.
11.
What is the relationship between the rights of indigenous people and environment?
Discuss briefly. 4
Ans:- All
indigenous people share spiritual, cultural, social and economic connections
with their traditional lands. ... For centuries, relations between indigenous
peoples and their environment have been erased due to the controversial or
forced removal of traditional lands and sacred sites.
The importance of traditional knowledge and
practices of indigenous peoples was acknowledged, and the international
community committed itself to promoting, strengthening and protecting the
rights, knowledge, and practices of indigenous peoples and their communities.
During the Earth Summit, indigenous people and
non-governmental organizations gathered in Kari-Oca, Brazil to share their
concern about the environment. The Kari-Oka Declaration and the Swadeshi
People's Earth Charter The people adopted in this meeting expressed the values
of the world's indigenous people and recognized them as a separate
relationship with the earth. The united voice of the indigenous people helped
influence the outcome of the Earth Summit.
12.
Do you think that India should be given permanent membership in UN Security
Council? Justify your answer. 4
Ans:- A permanent
seat in the UNSC will provide India with much needed benefits to expand its
geopolitical and geo-economics dominance globally. Inclusion of India in the
UNSC will help change its position to become a global rule-maker as well as a
responsible stakeholder (as per international standard).
***
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