AHSEC| CLASS 12| POLITICAL SCIENCE| SOLVED PAPER - 2014| H.S. 2ND YEAR
2014
POLITICAL SCIENCE
Full Marks – 100
Pass Marks - 30
Time: 3 hours
The figures in the margin indicate full
marks for the questions
PART – A: (Contemporary
World Politics)
1. Answer the following: 1x6=6
a) Where was the first Non-Aligned
Movement (NAM) summit held?
Ans: The first Non-Aligned summit was held in Belgrade
in 1961. And this conference was attended by African and Asian countries.
b) Give an example of global
threat.
Ans: Health epidemic is a threat to global and human security:
(i) The success of one country or failure to limit the spread
of diseases affects infection in other countries.
c) Write the full form of
ASEAN.
Ans:- Association of South East Asian Nations.
d) In which year was the
Berlin Wall demolished?
Ans: 9th November 1989.
e) Who is the present
Secretary-General of the UNO?
Ans: - Antonio Guterres is the current
Secretary General of UNO.
f) Rio Summit recommended a
list of development practices called ‘Agenda 21’. [Write Yes or No]
Ans: Yes.
2.
When did the US hegemony begin and why? 1+1=2
Ans: - American Union started in 1991 after
the fall of Soviet Union.
3.
What is the difference between traditional and non-traditional security? 2
Ans: - Difference between traditional and non-traditional
security:
Its traditional security
poses a major threat to security and is the major means of achieving security.
Non-traditional nations of
security go beyond military threat, including a wide range of threats and
threats affecting human survival conditions.
4. What
is meant by ‘second world’? 2
Ans: - The socialist countries of Eastern
Europe and the nations that were part of the Warsaw Pact were known as the
other world.
5.
What is meant by allied and axis powers of the Second World War? 1+1=2
Ans: - The allied powers of World War II
refers to the countries that won the World War. These Allied powers include
countries such as America, Soviet Union, Britain and France.
6. The
UN Security Council has 5 permanent
and 10 non-permanent members. [Fill
in the blanks] 1+1=2
7.
Mention one area each of cooperation and disagreement between India and
Bangladesh. 1+1=2
Ans: - For
cooperation:
(i) See prior policy,
(ii) Disaster Management.
For disagreement:
(i) The division of the
Ganges and Brahmaputra waters.
(ii) Migrating from
Bangladesh.
8.
What is meant by ‘Global Commons’? Suggest three steps for protection of
‘Global Commons’. 1+3=4
Ans: The regions of the world which lie
outside the sovereign jurisdiction of any state, therefore, the need for general
administration by the international community is called 'Global Commons'. They
enter the Earth's atmosphere, Antarctica, the ocean floor and space.
The
following are the steps to conserve the Global Commons -
a) Antarctic Treaty in
1959.
b) Montreal Protocol,
1987.
c) Antarctic Environmental
Protocol 1991.
9.
Write a short note on the political systems of newly emerged States from the
Soviet Union. 4
Ans: - The newly emerged states of the Soviet
Union were economically and politically weak. States such as Ukraine, Georgia,
Belores, Lithuania, Lataria, and Estonia were once part of the USSR. These
states expressed a desire to go for political change to speed up their economic
development. When shock therapy was performed, the newly emerged countries did
not retreat and adopted this process of infection. It should be noted that the
newly independent countries were economically backward and their political and
economic systems were designed along socialist lines, where the central
government had complete command over each region.
10.
Discuss briefly about the New International Economic Order (NIEO). 4
Ans: - The new international economic order
refers to an economic system to reduce the difference between the developed
countries of the world and less developed countries.
The idea of the
New International Economic Order arose for the sustainable and equal economic
development of the least developed countries. The United Nations Conference on
Trade and Development came out in 1972 with a report to give feedback on the
new international economy.
The new
international economic order is a tool for the least developed countries to
achieve economic development and political independence. This non-alignment
motive gradually changed the nature of NAM and by 1970 NAM became an economic
pressure group.
11.
Write two major areas of influence of European Union. 2+2=4
Ans: - Two
major areas are given: -
(a) Economic power of the European Union: The
European Union is the largest economy in the world, with a GDP of more than $
12 trillion in 2005, slightly larger than the United States. Its currency, the
euro, is now in a position to jeopardize the dominance of the US dollar.
(b) Political power of the European Union: Two
members of the European Union, Britain and France hold permanent seats in the
Security Council. The EU consists of several non-permanent members of the UNSC.
This has enabled the European Union to influence certain US policies such as
the current US position on Iron's nuclear program.
12.
Justify India’s inclusion in the Security Council as permanent member. 4
Ans: - As a citizen of India, I will
wholeheartedly support India's candidature for permanent membership of the
Security Council. India is entitled to a permanent membership as it fulfils almost
all the criteria set by the United Nations. India is the second most populous
country in the world, comprising one fifth of the world's population. India is
also the largest democracy in the world. India has participated in almost all
UN initiatives. Its role in UN peace efforts is a long and substantial one.
India has emerged as a potential economic power in the world. India has made
regular financial contributions to the United Nations and has not carried
forward its payments.
All these factors
justify India's claim for a permanent seat in the Security Council.
***
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