NIOS| GEOGRAPHY (316)| SOLVED PAPER – (OCT - 2022)| SENIOR SECONDARY| ENGLISH MEDIUM
GEOGRAPHY
[Oct – 2022]
Time: 3 Hours
Maximum Marks: 80
Note:
(i) There are 24
questions in all.
(ii) All
questions are compulsory.
(iii) Marks for
each question are indicated against it.
(iv) Question
Nos. 1 to 4 are very short answer questions carrying 1 mark each. Answer to
these questions should not exceed 30 words each.
(v) Question Nos.
5 to 9 and 21 and 22 are also very short answer questions carrying 2 marks
each. Answers to these questions should not exceed 60 words each.
(vi) Question Nos.
10 to 13 and 23 and 24 are short answer questions carrying 4 marks each.
Answers to these questions should not exceed 100 words each.
(vii) Question
Nos. 14 to 18 are long answer questions carrying 6 marks each. Answer of each
of these questions should not exceed 140 words each.
(viii) Question
Nos. 19 to 20 are on filling Outline Maps of the World and India respectively.
Each question contains 4 test-items of very short answers of 1 mark each.
(ix) Use of
templates or stencils for drawing outline maps in illustrating your answer is
allowed.
(x) Answer to
Question Nos. 21 to 24 of Section - B should be given from any one of the
options.
SECTION - A
हिंदी माध्यम: यहां क्लिक करें
1. Name any two landforms created by glacial erosion. 1/2x2=1
Ans:- U-shaped valleys,
Cirques.
2. When do cyclones occur in India? 1
Ans:- Tropical cyclones occur in the months of
May–June and October–November.
3. Name any two neighbouring countries of India which
have higher rank in Human Development Index than India. 1/2x2=1
Ans:- Sri Lanka and China are two neighboring
countries which are ranked higher than India. Sri Lanka is at 73rd position and
China is at 79th position.
4. Which action of sea waves is responsible for the
formation of spit? 1
Ans:- Constructive wave action and northward flow
were the main processes in the formation of the spit from the southern part
where the solid shoreline has an abrupt curvature.
5. What is systematic approach of study geography?
Mention any two branches of it. 1x2=2
Ans:- Systematic geography is the study of general
laws and principles in geography. It is divided into two main branches:
(i) Physical
geography: Studies the planet and its systems, such as hydrology,
atmosphere, climate and ecosystems.
(ii) Human
Geography: Studies how human activity affects the earth's surface.
6. Why does Dras in Kargil always remain colder than
Thiruvanathapuram? Explain any two reasons. 1x2=2
Ans:- Dras is the coldest place in India. It is
situated in the Himalayas at an altitude of 3,330 meters. Dras is colder than
Thiruvananthapuram two reasons:
(i) Altitude:
Dras is situated at a high altitude, while Thiruvananthapuram is situated near
the sea.
(ii) Climate:
Dras experiences a dry summer continental climate with very cold winters.
7. Why is Geography known as a discipline of synthesis?
Explain it with suitable example. 2
Ans:- Geography is known as a synthesis discipline
because it combines the physical and human aspects of an area to create a
complete picture. Geography is considered a science of synthesis because it may
appear to transcend other disciplines.
For example,
the rugged terrain of Afghanistan creates a tough, rugged people.
8. Explain any two reasons for the increasing demand of
water for irrigation in India. 1x2=2
Ans:- There are two reasons for the increasing demand of
water for irrigation in India:
(i) Rainfall
Variability: India has a large population with limited water resources. To
increase agricultural production, more water is required for irrigation because
rainfall is highly variable.
(ii) Drought
Prone Areas: Large areas of the country are deficient in rainfall and are
at risk of drought. Agriculture is difficult without assured irrigation during
the dry season.
9. Elucidate two ecological problems posed by extraction
of minerals in India. 1x2=2
Ans:- Mineral extraction can cause many ecological
problems, including:
(i) Air and
water pollution: Mining can pollute the air and water with sulfur dioxide
and other pollutants.
(ii) Land
encroachment: Mining can lead to land encroachment.
10. Define the term continental shelf. Explain any three
features of it. 1+3=4
Ans:- The continental shelf is the part of the
continent that is submerged in shallow water. It extends from the shoreline to
the shelf break, where the slopes become more steep.
Here are some
features of the continental shelf:
(i) It has a
slight inclination towards the sea and the average slope is about 0.1°.
(ii) It is the
shallowest part of the ocean.
(iii) Its width
varies from one ocean to another, being between 65 to 75 km.
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